P
Reactive nonmetal

Phosphorus

Z 15A 31mass 30.974

Decay curve

Phosphorus-32

half-life
14.27 days
half-lives elapsed1 half-life
0123456
left
50.0%
real time
14.3 days

Sample of 240 nuclei

122 left

Each dot is one nucleus. Decay is random for each one — but the pattern that emerges is the exponential curve on the left.

The numbers

Half-livesTime elapsedRemainingOf 1000
0—100.0%1000
114.3 days50.0%500
228.5 days25.0%250
342.8 days12.5%125
457.1 days6.25%63
571.4 days3.13%31
685.6 days1.56%16

N = N₀ × (½)ⁿ — never exactly zero

Real half-lives, for scale

Thorium-23214.05 billion years
Uranium-2384.47 billion years
Potassium-401.25 billion years
Neptunium-2372.14 million years
Plutonium-23924,110 years
Carbon-145,730 years