H
Reactive nonmetal

Hydrogen

Z 1A 1mass 1.008

Decay curve

Tritium (hydrogen-3)

half-life
12.32 years
half-lives elapsed1 half-life
0123456
left
50.0%
real time
12.3 years

Sample of 240 nuclei

114 left

Each dot is one nucleus. Decay is random for each one — but the pattern that emerges is the exponential curve on the left.

The numbers

Half-livesTime elapsedRemainingOf 1000
0—100.0%1000
112.3 years50.0%500
224.6 years25.0%250
337 years12.5%125
449.3 years6.25%63
561.6 years3.13%31
673.9 years1.56%16

N = N₀ × (½)ⁿ — never exactly zero

Real half-lives, for scale

Thorium-23214.05 billion years
Uranium-2384.47 billion years
Potassium-401.25 billion years
Neptunium-2372.14 million years
Plutonium-23924,110 years
Carbon-145,730 years